Hukama pakati peProtein, Peptides, uye Amino Acids
Mapuroteni: Anoshanda macromolecules akaumbwa neketani imwe kana anopfuura epolypeptide achipeta mune chaiwo matatu-dimensional zvimiro kuburikidza nehelice, mashiti, nezvimwe.
Polypeptide Chains: Chain-like molecules inoumbwa maviri kana anopfuura amino acids akabatanidzwa ne peptide bond.
Amino Acids: Zvivako zvekuvaka zvemapuroteni; marudzi anopfuura makumi maviri aripo muzvisikwa.
Muchidimbu, mapuroteni anoumbwa nemaketani epolypeptide, ayo anoumbwa neamino acids.
Maitiro eProtein Digestion uye Absorption muMhuka
Oral Pre-treatment: Chikafu chinoputsika mumuviri nekutsenga mumuromo, zvichiwedzera nzvimbo yepamusoro ye enzymatic digestion. Sezvo muromo usina ma enzymes ekugaya, danho iri rinoonekwa semechani digestion.
Kuparara kwekutanga mudumbu:
Mushure mekunge mapuroteni akapatsanurwa apinda mudumbu, gastric acid inovabvisa, ichiburitsa peptide zvisungo. Pepsin ipapo enzymatic inoputsa mapuroteni kuita hombe molecular polypeptides, iyo inozopinda mudumbu mudiki.
Kugaya Mudumbu Mudiki: Trypsin uye chymotrypsin mudumbu diki zvinowedzera kuputsa ma polypeptides kuita madiki peptides (dipeptides kana tripeptides) uye amino acids. Aya anobva apinzwa mumasero emudumbu kuburikidza neamino acid yekufambisa masisitimu kana iyo diki peptide yekufambisa system.
Mukudya kwemhuka, zvese mapuroteni-chelated trace elements uye diki peptide-chelated trace elements inovandudza bioavailability yezvinhu zvekutevera kuburikidza ne chelation, asi dzinosiyana zvakanyanya mumanyorerwo adzo, kugadzikana, uye mamiriro anoshanda. Izvi zvinotevera zvinopa kuongororwa kwekuenzanisa kubva kuzvinhu zvina: kunyudza nzira, maitiro ezvimiro, mashandisiro ekushandisa, uye akakodzera mamiriro.
1. Absorption Mechanism:
| Kuenzanisa Indicator | Protein-chelated Trace Elements | Diki Peptide-chelated Trace Elements |
|---|---|---|
| Tsanangudzo | Chelates inoshandisa macromolecular proteins (semuenzaniso, hydrolyzed plant protein, whey protein) sevatakuri. Metal ions (semuenzaniso, Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺) inogadzira zvisungo zvekubatanidza necarboxyl (-COOH) uye amino (-NH₂) mapoka emaamino acid asara. | Inoshandisa peptides diki (inoumbwa ne2-3 amino acids) sevatakuri. Metal ions inoumba yakatsiga shanu kana matanhatu-nhengo-mhete chelates ane amino mapoka, carboxyl mapoka, uye mativi cheni mapoka. |
| Absorption Route | Inoda kuputswa nemaproteases (semuenzaniso, trypsin) muura kuita diki peptides kana amino acids, ichiburitsa chelated metal ions. Ioni idzi dzinobva dzapinda muropa kuburikidza nekupararira kwepasi kana kufambisa kweiyoni (semuenzaniso, DMT1, ZIP/ZnT vatakuri) pamasero emudumbu epithelial. | Inogona kutorwa seyakakwana chelates yakananga kuburikidza nepeptide transporter (PepT1) pane intestinal epithelial masero. Mukati mesero, ayoni esimbi anoburitswa neanoita intracellular enzymes. |
| Kuganhurirwa | Kana basa rekudya enzymes risina kukwana (semuenzaniso, mumhuka duku kana pasi pekunetseka), kushanda kweprotein kuparara kwakaderera. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kukanganisa kusati kwaitika kwechelate structure, zvichibvumira ions yesimbi kuti isungirwe ne-anti-nutritional factors se phytate, kuderedza kushandiswa. | Bypasses intestinal makwikwi inhibition (semuenzaniso, kubva phytic asidhi), uye absorption hakuvimbi nekugaya enzyme basa. Kunyanya akakodzera mhuka diki dzine immature digestive system kana mhuka dzinorwara/dzisina simba. |
2. Mamiriro Ekuita uye Kugadzikana:
| Hunhu | Protein-chelated Trace Elements | Diki Peptide-chelated Trace Elements |
|---|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | Huru (5,000~20,000 Da) | Diki (200~500 Da) |
| Chelate Bond Simba | Multiple coordinate bonds, asi yakaoma molecular conformation inotungamira kune kazhinji kugadzikana kuri pakati nepakati. | Yakareruka pfupi peptide conformation inobvumira kuumbwa kwezvimiro zvakagadzikana zvemhete. |
| Anti-kupindira Mano | Inotarirwa kupesvedzerwa negastric acid uye kushanduka kwemukati pH. | Asidhi yakasimba uye alkali kuramba; kugadzikana kwepamusoro munharaunda yematumbo. |
3. Maitiro Ekushandisa:
| Indicator | Mapuroteni Chelates | Diki Peptide Chelates |
|---|---|---|
| Bioavailability | Zvinoenderana nekugaya enzyme basa. Inoshanda mumhuka dzakura dzine hutano, asi kushanda zvakanaka kunoderera zvakanyanya mumhuka diki kana dzakamanikidzwa. | Nekuda kweiyo yakananga yekunyudza nzira uye yakagadzikana chimiro, trace element bioavailability ndeye 10% ~ 30% yakakwirira kupfuura iyo yeprotein chelates. |
| Functional Extensibility | Zvine hutera mashandiro, kunyanya kushanda se trace element vatakuri. | Madiki peptides pachawo ane mabasa senge immune regulation uye antioxidant chiitiko, ichipa yakasimba synergistic mhedzisiro ine trace elements (semuenzaniso, Selenomethionine peptide inopa zvese selenium yekuwedzera uye antioxidant mabasa). |
4. Mamiriro Akakodzera uye Mafungiro Ehupfumi:
| Indicator | Protein-chelated Trace Elements | Diki Peptide-chelated Trace Elements |
|---|---|---|
| Yakakodzera Mhuka | Mhuka dzakura dzine hutano (semuenzaniso, nguruve dzekupedza, huku dzinokandira) | Mhuka dzechidiki, mhuka dziri pasi pekunetseka, zvibereko zvepamusoro zvemvura |
| Mutengo | Yakaderera (zviwanikwa zviri nyore, zviri nyore maitiro) | Yakakwira (mutengo wakakwira wediki peptide synthesis uye kucheneswa) |
| Environmental Impact | Zvikamu zvisina kuvharwa zvinogona kuburitswa mutsvina, zvichigona kusvibisa nharaunda. | High utilization rate, njodzi yakaderera yekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. |
Pfupiso:
(1) Kune mhuka dzine zvakakwirira zvekuteedzera zvinodiwa uye kusasimba kwekugaya (semuenzaniso, nguruve, nhiyo, shrimp svutugadzike), kana mhuka dzinoda kururamiswa nekukurumidza kwekukanganisa, diki peptide chelates inokurudzirwa seyokutanga sarudzo.
(2) Kumapoka asingadhuri ane zvakajairika kugaya (semuenzaniso, zvipfuyo nehuku munguva yekupedzisira yekupedza), protein-chelated trace elements inogona kusarudzwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-14-2025
