Sei paine misiyano yemhando yezvinhu zvinoteverwa muindasitiri yezvikafu?
1. Kusiyana kwezvinodiwa muindasitiri
Vagadziri vese vezvinhu zvinotevedzana (trace element) vanogadzira makemikari, uye chigadzirwa chimwe chete chinogona kutengeswa kumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, zvigadzirwa zve copper sulfate zvinogona kushandiswa mumaindasitiri akawanda akadai sezvekudya zvinowedzerwa, fetereza, fungicides, mordants, copper electroplating, uye ore dressing;
Zvisinei, maindasitiri akasiyana ane zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvachose zvemhando yezvigadzirwa, uye mitengo yezvigadzirwa inosiyanawo zvakanyanya.
2. Manyuko ematombo (zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa) akasiyana
Zvimwe zvinhu zvidiki (mhangura, simbi, zinc uye cobalt) zvinotorwa kubva mumarara emaindasitiri, mvura yakasviba kana zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri.
Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobva muzvinhu zvisina kuchena zvine tsvina dzakasiyana, zvichikonzera mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa. Zvimwe zvinhu zvidiki (manganese, magnesium, potassium medical stone) zvinotorwa kubva mumatombo kana munyu.
Manyuko akasiyana ematombo kana mhando dzakasiyana dzematombo asina kugadzirwa zvinopa mhando dzakasiyana dzemhando yekupedzisira yechigadzirwa.
3. Mitemo yenyika haina kukwana
Parizvino, hapana mitemo yenyika yezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvetrace element.
Mitemo yenyika inongoisa zvinodiwa zvezviri mukati uye zviratidzo zvehutsanana (arsenic, lead, cadmium nemercury), asi haina zvinodiwa zvakajeka zvetsvina inokanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa.
Mipimo yenyika ndiyo chete muganho wekutanga wemhando yechigadzirwa. Nokudaro, makambani akasiyana-siyana ekudya (makambani anotsigirwa nemari yekunze, makambani enyika, makambani makuru emuno, makambani madiki nepakati) akaisa zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvemhando zvichibva pamipimo yenyika yezvinhu zvidiki.
Kunyangwe mamwe mabhizinesi madiki nepakati anongotarisa chitarisiko chete pasina kuita bvunzo kana achitenga zvinhu zvidiki.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvidiki zviri muindasitiri yezvikafu zvine mwero wenyika?
Zvigadzirwa zvine zvigadzirwa zvenyika (zvigadzirwa 9) Copper sulfate, basic cupric chloride, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, manganese sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium iodate, sodium selenite
Mitemo yenyika inotsanangura zvakajeka zviratidzo: zviri mukati uye zviratidzo zvehutano (arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury)
Zvigadzirwa zvisina mwero wenyika (zvigadzirwa zvishanu) Magnesium oxide, potassium iodide, cobalt chloride, calcium formate, potassium chloride
Kusiyana kwemhando yezvinhu zvinogadzirwa nechinhu chishoma: copper sulfate
Copper sulfate: inotorwa kubva mumvura inocherwa mumabhodhi edunhu. Chigadzirwa ichi chine mitemo yenyika, iyo yakaratidza zvakajeka zvinodiwa zvehuwandu hukuru uye zviratidzo zvehutsanana.
Zvigadzirwa zveSustar (pamwe nekusangana nezvinodiwa nenyika):
Kudzora acidity yezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa ≤0.014%: Zvigadzirwa zvine acid yakawanda zvinoburitsa hwema hunopisa, zvinoderedza kuyerera kwechigadzirwa, zvinotora hunyoro nyore nyore uye zvinoungana, zvinokurumidzisa kuchinja kwemavara ezvinosanganiswa, zvinogona kuparadza mavhitamini nema enzyme, uye zvinogona kukonzera kuora kwemafuta.
Jecha remhangura riri muchimiro chezvidimbu zvebhuruu zvekristaro, uye chitarisiko chejecha remhangura chinogona kushandiswa kutanga kutonga kuchena kwechigadzirwa.
Silicon dioxide inowedzerwa muupfu hwemhangura senzira yekudzivirira kuvharika kweganda
Zvigadzirwa zviripo pamusika:
Acidity yezvigadzirwa zve copper sulfate inogona kusvika pa 0.03%. Kambani yeSustar inotsanangura zvigadzirwa zvine acidity inodarika 0.02% sezvigadzirwa zvine acid yakawanda.
Mvura inocherwa mumafekitori madiki emagetsi inogona kunge iine zvinhu zvakawanda zve organic, uye njodzi yekubatwa ne dioxin yakanyanya. Mhangura yejecha ine zvinhu zvisina kuchena zvesimbi, uye chigadzirwa chacho chinoshanduka kuita yero mushure mekudziya. Chitarisiko chemhangura yejecha chinoita segirini kana chena. Kana tembiricha ikachinja zvakanyanya panguva yekuomeswa, ruvara runogona kuchinja kubva pabhuruu kuenda kuchena.
Mhangura yejecha haina makristaro akaita semakristaro, akaita setsono kana kuti akapfava uye iri nyore kuunganidzana.
Hupfu hwemhangura nechinhu chinotakura hazvisanganiswi zvakaenzana, uye zviri mukati zvinochinja-chinja zvakanyanya; kana chinhu chinotakura chikawedzerwa zvakanyanya, zviri mukati hazvikwaniswi.
Hukuru hwehupfu hwemhangura hahuna kuenzana, uye huwandu hwechinhu chikuru chinogadzirwa nesefa ine mambure makumi mana hwakanyanya.
Mushure mekunyungudika mumvura, mushonga wacho unosanganisira zvinhu zvisinganyungudike mumvura, zvinhu zvakamiswa uye zvinhu zvinoyangarara.
Kusiyana kwemhando yezvinhu zvinogadzirwa nechinhu chinobva muzvinhu zvinotevera: Chloride yemhangura
Chloride yemhangura ine tsime rakafanana necopper sulfate, uye chigadzirwa ichi chinotorwa kubva mumvura inocherwa kubva mumabhodhi edunhu. Chigadzirwa ichi chine mitemo yenyika, iyo yakaratidza zvakajeka zvinodiwa zvehuwandu hukuru uye zviratidzo zvehutsanana.
Zvigadzirwa zveSustar (pamwe nekusangana nezvinodiwa nenyika):
Ruvara rwakafanana, hapana maburi, kuyerera kwakanaka.
Dzora zviratidzo zvenitrogen uye chlorine yakasununguka (0.14%; 0.1%) kuderedza njodzi dze dioxin uye agglomeration.
Zvigadzirwa zviripo pamusika:
Zviri mukati hazvina kukwana.
Pane musiyano mukuru wemavara pakati pezvigadzirwa zviri muboka rimwe chete.
Mavara machena ari pachena.
Upfu, kusanyorova zvakanaka
Netsvina inoonekwa.
Yakawanda munitrogen uye free chlorine, inokurumidza kusangana.
Kusiyana kwemhando yezvinhu zvinogadzirwa nechinhu chishoma: ferrous sulfate
Ferrous sulfate imugumisiro we titanium dioxide muindasitiri yemakemikari. Chigadzirwa ichi chine mitemo yenyika, iyo yakaratidza zvakajeka zvinodiwa zvehuwandu hukuru uye zviratidzo zvehutsanana.
Zvigadzirwa zveSustar (pamwe nekusangana nezvinodiwa nenyika):
Ruvara rwakafanana, hapana maburi.
Kuyerera kwakanaka.
Simbi yeTrivalent iri mukati me0.15%.
Zvigadzirwa zviripo pamusika:
Simbi yetrivalent haina kunyorwa uye zviri mukati hazviverengeki.
Pane musiyano mukuru wemavara pakati pezvigadzirwa zviri muboka rimwe chete.
Hunyoro hwacho hwakakwira.
Kurema kwemari hakusviki padanho renyika.
Chinhu chidiki chekubvisa guruva.
Kuyerera kwaro hakuna kunaka, kutetepa kwaro kwakanaka, uye zviri nyore kukweshana.
Kune nzira yakaoma yekugadzira simbi yesimbi, uye chigadzirwa chacho chine acidity yakakwira zvakanyanya.
Kuwanda kwesimbi ine valent iron kunokanganisa zvikuru kunaka kwe premix feed.
Musiyano mumhando yezvigadzirwa zve trace element: zinc sulfate
Zvinhu zvakabikwa zve zinc sulfate i secondary zinc oxide (inotorwa kubva mu flue ash, lead-zinc ore, copper-cadmium slag, nezvimwewo). Kune mhando mbiri dzezvigadzirwa: zvigadzirwa zvine uye zvisina nzira dzekubvisa iron, zvese zvinogona kushandiswa mukugadzira premix feed. Chigadzirwa ichi chine mitemo yenyika, iyo yakaratidza zvakajeka zvinodiwa zvehukuru hwechinhu uye zviratidzo zvehutsanana.
Zvigadzirwa zveSustar (pamwe nekusangana nezvinodiwa nenyika):
Dzora ma chloride ions zvakasimba kuti uderedze kusviba kwe premix feed. Paunoshandisa zinc sulfate se premix feed, huwandu hwe chloride ion hunofanira kunge huri mukati me 0.5% muzhizha uye mukati me 1% muchando.
Huwandu hwe chloride ion mu zinc sulfate hunogona kusvika pa3%. Zvigadzirwa zvine chloride yakawanda zvinowanzo tora hunyoro uye zvinoumba mapundu, uye premixes dzinowanzo chinja ruvara.
Chigadzirwa chacho chine ruvara rutsvuku uye chine cobalt yakawanda uye manganese, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya fomura yekudyisa.
Chigadzirwa chacho chine ruvara rwegrey uye chine calcium nemagnesium, izvo zvinokanganisa kusarudzwa kwe titration endpoint.
Chigadzirwa ichi chine sarufa, iyo inozviratidza seruvara rwechigadzirwa, asi kurongedza kwacho kunoshanduka kuita yero mushure mekunge sarufa yapera.
Maitiro ekugadzira haatarisirwi zvakanaka uye chigadzirwa chacho chine tsvina nhema dzinoonekwa pachena.
Peroxide yasara mu zinc sulfate inoita kuti chigadzirwa che premix chipise nekukurumidza mushure mekunge premix yasanganiswa uye chikafu che premix chinoshanduka nyore nyore (tsvina yakaita se zinc oxide, sulfur trioxide, iron oxide uye manganese dioxide).
Ruvara rwetitration endpoint yekuona zviri mukati zvinononoka uye zvinodzoka kutsvuku nekukurumidza.
Musiyano mumhando yezvigadzirwa zve trace element: zinc oxide
Zinc oxide: high-purity zinc oxide (99 zinc oxide) uye yakajairika zinc oxide (95 zinc oxide), 95 zinc oxide ine mugove mukuru wemusika.
Maitiro ekugadzira: Kune maitiro akawanda ekugadzira zinc oxide. Maitiro akasiyana ekugadzira, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, tembiricha dzakasiyana dze calcination, nezvimwewo zvinokonzera shanduko yemavara ezvigadzirwa.
Nzira isina kunanga
99 zinc oxide Inogadzirwa nekushandisa calcining zinc ingots. Zinc oxide yakareruka. Kuwanda kwehuwandu 200-500g/L. Chena.
Nzira yakananga
Inogadzirwa ne calcining zinc suboxide pakupisa kwakanyanya Heavy zinc oxide Huremu hwakawanda 1200-2000g/L Yero yakasviba Simbi dzinorema dzakapfuura mwero wakajairika
Nzira yeasidhi
Inogadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwe zinc suboxide nemakemikari kuburikidza nenzira ye acid. Zinc oxide yepakati nepakati. Kuwanda kwehuwandu 700-1000g/L. Yero zvishoma kusvika yero.
Nzira yeAmoniya
Inogadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwe zinc suboxide nemakemikari kuburikidza nenzira yeammonia. Zinc oxide yepakati nepakati. Kuwanda kwehuwandu 700-1000g/L. Chena kusvika yero zvishoma.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-24-2025
